A fresh catch of arapaimas are transported across a floodplain in the Amazon Rainforest, near the Lago Serrado community. Arapaimas are the largest scaled freshwater fish in the world and are under threat. Local community groups have put fishing quotas in place throughout the river, helping the arapaima population increase by over 600 per cent in 15 years. ©André Dib/National Geographic

Tom Peschak: the unexplored side of the Amazon 

Marine biologist turned photojournalist, Tom Peschak spent a year exploring the Amazon basin and its tributaries. Driven by a desire to push positive conservation change, the plan was to spotlight neglected aquatic and underwater realms. After partnering with National Geographic and joining forces with Rolex and Perpetual Planet, the project grew exponentially, becoming a one-of-a-kind science and storytelling exploration of the world’s most vital freshwater ecosystem. Peschak recounts the most memorable place he visited during those 396 days.

For my National Geographic expedition, I spent years scanning Google Earth and devouring fly fishing Instagram feeds in the hunt for the perfect river baseline. I was looking for a place that nobody had ever heard of, a place completely off the beaten track. I wanted to know what a healthy Amazon River, free of any human intervention, really looks like. And to my amazement, I found it. 

Nestled within Isiboro Sécure National Park, where the Andean foothills meet the lowland rainforest, are the headwaters of the Sécure River or – as I like to call it – the hidden headwaters. The lowlands are inhabited, they are the homelands of the Tsimane, Mojeño-Trinitario and Yuracaré indigenous groups who have hunted and fished there for millennia. The waters here are beautiful but it was only after talking with the locals that we realised how close we were to somewhere unlike anywhere else on Earth. A place up in the mountains, free from the effects of fishing and hunting. So secluded that in all of living memory it had managed to stay entirely untouched by human life. 

A view of the Japurá river flood plains. Global climate models do not show any wetlands like this in the Amazon. They represent it as one gigantic terrestrial forest, not accounting for mountains or wetlands. ©Pablo Albarenga/National Geographic

The river is completely unreachable by foot or canal. Your only hope is by helicopter and I was lucky enough to have Marcelo Pérez, an Argentine fly fisherman who took me around. There’s obviously no guidebook so it was all very intuitive: ‘Oh, that pool looks kind of interesting, let’s pop down.’ 

Once down there, it is an experience like no other. I’ve seen a lot of cool and amazing things in my 25 years of exploration, but that place completely blew my mind. The sheer abundance of fish life, the richness of the river, the tameness of the animals. We had tapirs sniffing our feet, uncharacteristically curious because they’d never seen a human before. I was diving with catfish the size of refrigerators, six of them. There were schools of pacu fish in the hundreds, so dense they blocked out the sun. I spent a month there, the first to explore the waters, which I believe are the last of their kind.

National Geographic Explorer and photojournalist Thomas Peschak at the expedition team’s campsite in Chiribiquete National Park, reviewing his photos. ©Andy Whitworth/National Geographic

You don’t need to visit an uninhabited corner of the Amazon to experience nature’s wonder. Start where you are – seek out the rivers, forests and wildlife nearby, remind yourself how lucky we are to live among such natural beauty. Just be mindful that you don’t love a place to death. 

Interview by Farah Thorndycraft

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